Here we will discuss construction and working principle of reluctance motor. The switched reluctance motor srm is an old member of the electric machines family. Switched reluctance generators srg running the engine at variable speed and using power electronics to convert the variable frequency to a fixed voltage and frequency can allow more efficient operation of the genset. Unlike common dc motor types, power is delivered to windings in the stator case rather than the rotor. The major reasons for srm are robustness, high efficiency, low cost, high speed, simple structure, easy to maintain, high controllability, high torque to inertia ratio, simple power converter circuits with reduced number of switches and smaller dimension of the motor in comparison to the other motors. As the name suggests, a switching inverter is required for the operation of switched reluctance motor. The switched reluctance motor srm has both salient pole stator and rotor like a variable reluctance stepper motor. Construction details of switched reluctance motor with six stator poles and four rotor poles can be explained by referring to figure 3. There are no windings or permanent magnets on the rotor. A stepper motor is designed to make it suitable for open loop position and. Except for the permanent split capacitor psc motor, all motors 1phase im are provided with a.
This helps to explain the principle of operation of the stepper motors. Short flux path motor configurations have been modelled extensively using electromagnetic finite element analysis. National institute of technology rourkela certificate this is to certify that the thesis entitled direct torque control of switched reluctance motor drives submitted by amalendu dash. The sr motor produces torque through the magnetic attraction which occurs between stator electromagnets and a corresponding set of salient poles formed on a simple rotor made only of ferromagnetic material. Model of switched reluctance motor for utilization in sensorless control of electric drive pavel brandstetter1, martin kuchar1 and petr krna1 1vsb technical university of ostrava, department of electronics, czech republic abstract. This greatly simplifies mechanical design as power does not have to be delivered to a moving part, but it complicates the. The stator and rotor in a sr motor have salient poles. The construction of 86 8 stator poles, 6 rotor poles poles srm is shown in fig. The paper deals with a model of a switched reluctance motor srm that can be used for the. Hysteresis motor is defined as a synchronous motor that is having cylindrical rotor and works on hysteresis losses induced in the rotor of hardened steel with high retentivity. Construction of srm the physical appearance of a switched reluctance motor is similar to that of other rotating motors ac and dc induction motor, dc motor etc. This greatly simplifies mechanical design as power does not have to be delivered to a moving part, but it complicates the electrical design as some sort of switching system needs.
The switched reluctance motor srm is an electric motor which operates on reluctance torque. The stator has six salient poles with concentrated exciting windings around each one of them. It is a single phase motor and its rotor is made of ferromagnetic material with non magnetic support over the shaft. This is a 4phase machine with 4 stator pole pairs and 3 rotorpole pairs 86 motor. One form of reluctance motor is shown in cross section in the figure. Pdf design of switched reluctance motor with exterior. It is demonstrated that short flux paths significantly reduce the mmf required to establish the bfield pattern in a motor. Switched reluctance sr motor is a brushless ac motor. A very good overview of sensorless methods for determining the rotor position of switched reluctance motors is given in ray. Principle of operation of switched reluctance motor.
Basically its kind of a stepper motor which rotates through a step angle when. It works on the same principle as for stepper motor. The so called synchronous reluctance motor has a different construction and functions slightly differently. Switched reluctance motor for electrical drives offor electrical drives electric power plants equipment vladimir kuzmichev mpeitu, orgres. And the control strategies commonly used in this srd are main. The switched reluctance motor srm is a type of stepper motor, an electric motor that runs by reluctance torque. This thesis presents a design method for a switched reluctance sr motor to optimise torque production for two types of 3 phase 64 poles srm and 86 poles srm designs. Oct, 2014 switched reluctance motors science topic explore the latest questions and answers in switched reluctance motors, and find switched reluctance motors experts. Variable reluctance motor vrm the variable reluctance motor is an evolution of the stepping motor and is generally designed for use in low power, open loop position and speed control systems where efficiency is not of prime importance. Reluctance motor a single phase synchronous reluctance motor is basically the same as the single cage type induction motor.
The stator has a laminated construction, made up of stampings. A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces nonpermanent magnetic poles on. Common uses include applications where the rotor must be held stationary for long periods, and in potentially explosive environments such as mining because it operates without a. This paper presents the design procedure for three phase switched reluctance motor srm with two different cases case1. The motor has a stator which is usually wound for three phases. Switched reluctance motor srm is an energy converter that converts an electrical energy to mechanical energy in motoring operation and viceversa in generating operation. As it approaches synchronous speed, the reluctance torque is sufficient to pull the rotor into. The switched reluctance motor srm is a form of stepper motor that uses fewer poles. Reluctance motor subtypes include synchronous, variable, switched and variable stepping. The load inertia should be within the limits, for proper effectiveness. Rotor design of linestart synchronous reluctance motor to improve starting performance seunghyoung ha1, jungpyo hong1, jiyoung lee1, hyuk nam2, gyuhong kang3 dept.
Model of switched reluctance motor for utilization in. Optim, switched reluctance motor, sensorless speed control, estimation of rotor position. The srm has a single rotor construction, essentially made of stacks of iron. The rotor is basically a piece of laminated steel and its shape forms salient poles. If smooth rotation is the goal, there is an electronicdriven version of the switched reluctance motor.
The windings in the stator are wounded externally and slid on to the stator poles. In addition, a sixslot, tenpole 610 srm with a sixphase winding configuration under the twomode bipolar excitation is optimized by solving a. The basic construction of switched reluctance motor is shown in the figure. Apart from the working they have many advantages such as simple and low cost construction. Switched reluctance motor for electrical drives offor. Pdf fuzzy logic control of a switched reluctance motor. Construction its a doublysalient, singly excited, independent stator exited motor the stator. The drive with srm is becoming a very strong competitor to the drives with im. Switched reluctance motor srm the switched reluctance motor srm is a type of motor doubly salient with phase coils mounted around diametrically opposite stator poles.
A reluctance motor torque is produced due to the tendency of the rotor to align itself in the minimum reluctance position, when the speed of the motor is close to the synchronous speed. The reluctance motor has basically two main parts called stator and rotor. Variable reluctance motors or steppers actually use rotors like those in figure below. Characteristics and work principles of switched reluctance. Simulation and testing of a switched reluctance motor by. The operation of reluctance motor with diagram blogger. The synchronous reluctance motor has no synchronous starting torque and runs up from stand still by induction action. Model the dynamics of switched reluctance motor simulink. Srm has simpler construction and, therefore, lower production costs, higher robustness and lower maintenance requirements as the im drives.
Torque ripple minimization in switched reluctance motor. This motor works on the principle of variable reluctance. This means, the rotor always tries to align along the lowest reluctance path. Reluctance motor technical seminar report annual year 2014, electrical and electronics department, sdmt, ujire574240 page 2 is similar to that of any one of the singlephase induction motors. Pdf systematic design procedure of switched reluctance motors. The stampings are slotted on its periphery to carry the winding called stator winding. Variable reluctance motor brushless reluctance motor commutated reluctance motor 4. The rotor of a reluctance motor is a squirrel cage with some rotor teeth removed in the certain places to provide the desired number of.
We know about different types of synchronous motors, apart from all these motor works based on reluctance. Characteristics and work principles of switched reluctance sr motor photo credit. Ee2403 special electrical machines a course material on. Usually the number of stator and rotor poles is even. Design and performance analysis of high speed switched. In the light of above it is a competitive motor variable speed dc motor and variable speed 3 phase cage induction motor. Ee2403 special electrical machines sce department of electrical and electronics engineering because there is no rotor copper loss. Its simple structure, ruggedness and inexpensive manufacturing. Simulation and testing of a switched reluctance motor by matlab simulink and dspace saman abbasian department of energy and environment faculty of electric power engineering chalmers university of technology the main objective of this thesis is to build and test a srm drive system to provide a research platform. Unlike a conventional synchronous motor, both the rotor and stator of a switched reluctance motor have salient poles.
When the rotor is out of alignment, the inductance is very low and the current also increase rapidly. Construction of switched reluctance motor variable. Switched reluctance motor construction and working. Electric drives brushless dc and reluctance motors. The stator poles have concentrated winding rather than sinusoidal winding.
The article is devoted to the comparative research of performances of controlled drives with a synchronous reluctance motor synrm and with an induction motor im in a pump application. To develop positive torque, the currents in the phases of a srm must be to the rotor position. In many papers, switched reluctance motor srm is mentioned as a viable alternative for an electric car drive 3, 7, 8, 9. Switched reluctance motor srm inverter design with the drv8343q1. The following figure shows the ideal waveforms phase a inductance and current in a 64 srm. I hope that my designing deals with the application of a particular type of inverter for the variable reluctance motor drive. Pdf abstractthis paper is performed to develop a new 86 pole switched reluctance motor srm in order to improve the magnetic field. Switched reluctance motors science topic explore the latest questions and answers in switched reluctance motors, and find switched reluctance motors experts. Introduction srm can be classified on the basis of the nature of motion. Sr motors require precise control to optimise the operating efficiency. This doublysalient arrangement is very effective for electromagnetic energy conversion. Reluctance motor technical seminar report annual year 2014, electrical and electronics department, sdmt, ujire574240 page 4 chapter 2 switched reluctance motor 2. This doubly salient arrangement is very effective for electromagnetic energy conversion. A new switched reluctance motor configuration is proposed, in which the windings are arranged to encourage short magnetic flux paths within the motor.
For the test drive, we selected the fluxcurrent method. In the simulation results, how the rotor minimizes the reluctance position during excitation in a magnetic circuit is presented in this work. Switched reluctance motor srm is also known as variable reluctance motor. Switched reluctance motors srm have inherent advantages such as simple structure with non winding construction in rotor side, fail safe. Jun 16, 2018 switched reluctance motor srm is also known as variable reluctance motor. Switched reluctance motors the structure of a switched reluctance motor is shown below. The rotor has neither windings nor permanent magnets.
Pdf this paper presents a design and development of 86 switched reluctance motor for small electric vehicle using analytical method. The operation of reluctance motor with diagram a media to. It is a single phase motor and its rotor is made of ferromagnetic material with non magnetic support over the shaft hysteresis motor construction. The stator of the motor has the main and auxiliary winding.
Pdf switched reluctance motor drives devendra tandel. Geometrical design equations and practical challenges are investigated. Pdf a new construction of switched reluctance motor improving. A new construction of switched reluctance motor improving. The plc performs a pilike control strategy, giving the current.
A new construction of switched reluctance motor improving magnetic field energy and torque production durmu uygun, caner akuner, mehmet yumurtaci bozok university, akdagmadeni technical vocational school of higher education electricity programme, akdagmadeni, 66300 yozgat, turkiye. The structure of a switched reluctance motor is shown below. Design procedure of switched reluctance motor used for. Basically the synchronous reluctance motor is a true ac rotating field machine, requiring a balanced polyphase sinusoidal supply into a distributed winding, which for all intents and purposes is identical to that of the induction machine of the same power rating. Synchronous reluctance machine design 1 1 introduction the purpose of this report is to present information necessary for developing a suitable synchronous reluctance motor synrm rotor geometry design procedure.
It has simple mechanical construction and does not require permanent magnet for its operation. With advanced fuel or diesel engines and variable speed technology. To achieve this a suitable theoretical model is essential, thus a simple but complete motor model is developed. Principle of operation of switched reluctance motor engineering essay. It describes the comparison results and the performance. Anju and rajasekaran design and performance analysis of high speed switched reluctance motor drive for various industrial applications fig. Rotor design of linestart synchronous reluctance motor to. Sr motor principle and related torque general equation. Because of inherent simplicity, robustness of construction and low cost. Motor runs at slip speed reluctance torque, trel reluctance torque, trel maximum reluctance torque, trelmax occurs at. This paper presents the use of fuzzy logic control flc for switched reluctance motor srm speed. Since the variable reluctance motor has a high torque with the inertia ratio normal when compared with other motors.
The stator of the single phase reluctance and induction motor are same. The srm has the lowest construction cost of any industrial electric motor because of its simple structure citation needed. A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces nonpermanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor. Design considerations of switched reluctance motors with. Reluctance motors operate on the principle that forces are established that tend to cause iron poles carrying a magnetic flux to align with each. Jun 16, 2016 basically the synchronous reluctance motor is a true ac rotating field machine, requiring a balanced polyphase sinusoidal supply into a distributed winding, which for all intents and purposes is identical to that of the induction machine of the same power rating. Switched reluctance motor srm, rotor position, sensorless method, flux linkage. Design of switched reluctance motor with exterior and. Pdf efficiency analysis of synchronous reluctance motors. They have rotor and stator poles with no windings on the rotor and the concentrated windings on the stator.